HomeMy WebLinkAboutPACKET Joint Town Board County Commissioners
TOWN OF ESTES PARK BOARD OF TRUSTEES
BOARD OF LARIMER COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
Joint Study Session
No public comment will be heard
Wednesday, March 22, 2023
9:00 a.m.
Town Hall Board Room
The Town of Estes Park will make reasonable accommodations for access to Town services,
programs, and activities and special communication arrangements for persons with disabilities.
Please call (970) 577-4777. This study session will be streamed live and
available on the Town Youtube page at www.estes.org/videos
Agenda
I. Introductions.
II. Stormwater Authority Discussion. (Director Muhonen)
III. Adjourn for an informal lunch with the Town Board, Commissioners and
Staff.
NOTE: The Town Board and County Commissioners reserve the right to consider other appropriate items not available at the time the
agenda was prepared.
ESTES VALLEY STORMWATER
MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
JOINT WORK SESSION
TOWN BOARD & BOARD OF COUNTY
COMMISSIONERS
MARCH 22, 2023
1
JO
TO
C
M
Do the Trustees and Commissioners wish staff to draft an Intergovernmental
Agreement that would potentially address:
1. Establishing the desired utility service area to include both Town of Estes
Park (about 5400 parcels) and Larimer County (about 3100 parcels) within
the former Estes Valley Development Code boundary that drain into the Big
Thompson River.
2. Pursuing program funding options that could include: 20% grants ($28M),
30% user fees ($40M), and 50% sales tax ($70M) for a total program cost
of $138M by the year 2050 (3% inflation applied to a 2017 program cost of
$79M).
Staff Direction Requested at the August 19, ‘22 Joint Meeting
Do the Trustees and Commissioners wish staff to draft an Intergovernmental
Agreement that would potentially address:
3. Imposition of a new user fee (estimated to range from $3/mo to $24/mo
depending on parcel size and annual inflation) on both Town and Larimer
County residents living within the former Estes Valley Development Code
boundary.
Staff Direction Requested at the August 19, ‘22 Joint Meeting
What We Heard at the August 19, ‘22 Joint Meeting
1.Yes, both Boards are supportive of exploring a utility service area that
includes both Town and unincorporated Larimer County property owners
in the Estes Valley.
2.What cost models are used in other Colorado communities to pay for
their stormwater utilities?
3.What grant funding opportunities exist to fund the design, construction,
operation, and maintenance of stormwater infrastructure?
4.Can lodging , property, or sales taxes be used to fund a stormwater
utility?
Cost Models for funding CO stormwater utilities
Approximately 40 stormwater utilities exist in
Colorado. Fifteen of them are in small
communities (population <100,000)
•2 counties (Adams & Larimer/W Vine Basin)
•2 authorities (Southeast Metro Stormwater
Authority & Boxelder Basin Regional
Stormwater Authority)
•37 municipal jurisdictions (towns & cities)
Western Kentucky University
Stormwater Utility Survey 2021
Cost Models for funding CO stormwater utilities
Fee types are diverse, with fifteen different fee
categories identified within 2057 stormwater utilities
across the US.
¾In the 15 small communities in Colorado
studied by EPPW staff, the user fee structures
varies from a simple flat per parcel to multi-
tiered rates based on acreage, value, land
use, and/or impervious area.
¾Idaho Springs uses sales tax in lieu of user fees.
Western Kentucky University Stormwater Utility Survey 2021
Grant Funding Opportunities
¾Eight grant or loan programs were identified from 5 federal and state
sources.
¾Available funding varies from $100,000 to several million dollars
annually.
¾Local match amounts vary from 10% to 50%
¾Most have application opportunities are offered on an annual basis
¾It is reasonable to expect periodic award selection for grant or loan
funding if we have a reliable source of local match/repayment
funding.
¾Grant funding likelihood increases with over-match funding from a
designated consistent and reliable funding stream.
¾Construction grant funding selection is enhanced for shovel-ready
projects with completed benefit-cost-analyses.
Can taxes pay for a new Storm Water Utility
in Estes Park?
¾According to state law, stormwater infrastructure is not a
permissible use for the existing lodging tax revenues. A separate
occupation tax on lodging businesses could be considered.
There may be voter sensitivity on adding another layer of lodging
taxation on top of the State’s measure 6E that was approved in
November 2022.
¾Estes Park currently collects about $454,410 per year in property
taxes. The Town could ask voters within the municipal boundary
to increase property taxes for this purpose. This is considered
unattractive because the financial burden is borne by a
relatively small number of property owners (5400 +/-) while an
additional untaxed 3100 parcels in Larimer County would also
benefit from the work completed with the funds.
Can taxes pay for a new Storm Water Utility
in Estes Park?
¾The high volume of visitors (4 million + per year) in Estes makes
sales tax an attractive alternative that could be considered by
the voters within the municipal boundaries. The 1% sales tax
increase approved in 2014 (sunsets in 2024) generates about
$4.5M/year. These funds are allocated as follows: 0.60% to street
maintenance, 0.12.5% to trail expansion, 0.025% to emergency
services, and 25% to the community center. This funding stream
could generate about $202M over 30 years if the annual growth
rate is about 5%. Approximately 80% of sales taxes are paid by
visitors vs 20% by residents.
¾A special taxing district could be formed within the greater Estes
Valley after approval by County and Town voters. The formation
and expense of new, redundant administrative structure would
be required.
What is the best funding formula?
The funding structure needs to be sensitive to the unique economic
conditions of Estes Park more so than to the methods selected by
other Colorado communities. Staff recommends the funding
strategy consist of 3 parts implemented over a 30 year period
(2024-2054). The amounts below reflect the 2019/2028 program
cost of $138M and recognize the importance of launching the
utility soon at an “affordable” rate vs escalating the future program
costs now based on recent high inflation rates. Future funding
needs should be periodically reviewed and adjusted as new
information is received over the lifecycle of the program.
Grants. This gathers funds from state and federal land owners that
would not otherwise contribute to the program cost. 20% ($28M) of
the program cost is recommended. These funds are being actively
pursued now without a stormwater utility.
What is the best funding formula?
2.Sales Tax. The high volume of visitors in Estes makes sales tax an
attractive alternative for sharing the program cost among the
largest number of beneficiaries (both land owners and visitors).
50% ($70M) of the program cost is recommended. This
corresponds to a sales tax increase of 0.23% above the $0.5M
budgeted by the Town for stormwater maintenance in 2023.
Together this would generate about $1.56M/year. A public
election by Estes Park residents is necessary to approve this. An
initial taxation period of ten years is expected to be more
palatable with taxpayers than a 30 year taxation commitment.
Renewal after ten years would also create an opportunity to
reconsider the funding formula based on current economic
information.
What is the best funding formula?
2.User Fees. User fees allocate a fraction of the program cost to property
owners who have added impervious area that increases the stormwater
runoff rates within the drainage basins. 30% ($40M) of the program cost is
recommended. These fees could be reduced by half if desired to fund
only the administration, operation, and maintenance aspects of the
utility. Capital expansion could then be funded by sales tax & grants.
User fees can be imposed by the two governing bodies without a public
election if desired.
¾Residential. These fees would range from $3.00/mo to $24/mo depending
on parcel size, average impervious area, and annual inflation. See page
12 of the FAQ document for details on the proposed tiered residential
fees.
¾Non-residential. The median fee would be $8.92/mo, the average fee
would be $29.88/mo, and six parcels would have fees greater than
$500/mo. The maximum fee would be $3560/mo.
1.Is the scope of work acceptable? The $79M program generally consists of
$62M in large, river-oriented projects and $17M in small, neighborhood-
oriented projects. The 2017 initial program cost was previously inflated to
$138M over 30 years. This could be upwards of $208M based on recent
inflation values seen in project costs. The scope of capital expansion work can
be scaled up or down if preferred. No Action is another available option.
2.Is the proposed allocation and magnitude of these three funding sources
acceptable? If one source is reduced, a corresponding increase is needed
from a different source unless the scope is reduced or the time frame for
completion is extended.
3.Is there a preference to seek the electorate’s approval of a sales tax increase
prior to taking any further action on user fees?
4.Do the governing officials wish to impose a user fee thru executive action or
seek additional public input thru an election, survey, or other tool?
Discussion Questions for Next Steps
r
GRANT OPPORTUNITY FUNDING
AGENCY AMOUNT MATCH DEADLINE FOR
SUBMISSION SUMMARY
Emergency Community Water Assistance
Grants in Colorado USDA- Rural $1,000,000 Ongoing Grant to construct a water source, intake or treatment facility.
Water Plan Grant Application
Colorado
Water
Conservation
Board $100,000 +
50%
Construction
Project 25%
Match study Annually
Technical assistance regarding permitting, feasibility studies, and environmental compliance.
Studies or analysis of structural, programmatic, consumptive, and non-consumptive water projects or activities. Design of structural
projects or activities. Activities that promote education, outreach, and innovation consistent with the mission and goals of the Water
Plan Grant.
Water & Waste Disposal Loan & Grant
Program
USDA- Rural
Agricultural No limit *
50% loan 50%
grant Ongoing/ no deadline 40 yr term. rates determined from last quarter's interest rates. 10% of debt reserve mst be set aside.
Community Development Block Grant CO DOLA
2023 CDBG funding
consideration is
Friday, February 17,
2023.- Annual
deadline Not a lot of information that I could find online. Can look into this further.
Water quality grants *2021 application
CO Depart
Public Health
and
Enviornment
$25,000 -
$150,000
10-61% (point
based)Not posted for 2023
Projects eligible for funding must fall within these categories:
Stormwater management and best management practices training
Projects to improve water quality where there has been a civil penalty imposed for a water quality violation
Planning, design, construction, or repair of stormwater projects or domestic wastewater treatment facilities currently on the State
Revolving Fund Intended Use Plan
Nonfederal match funding for nonpoint source projects.
Colorado HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant
Program
DR-4498 (COVID-19)
DHSEM
partnered
with FEMA
$19.7M split
into 3 grant
pools for the
entire state
90% / 10%
split
Annual- process
takes 4-12+ months
from NOI to submitted
subapplication
1. Projects that help underserved and/or socially vulnerable populations.
2. Projects that reduce risk from at least one of Colorado’s “Top 4” hazards: Drought,
Flood, Severe Winter Weather, and Wildfire
3. For wildfire mitigation projects only: prioritize Hazardous Fuels Reduction projects
outside of Colorado Strategic Wildfire Action Program (does not apply to defensible
space)
BRIC-Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities
DHSEM
partnered
with FEMA
$2 M total for
Colorado
75% / 25%
split
Annual- need
clarification
Projects must be eligible, feasible, and cost-effective, first and foremost
• Projects must be competitive by maximizing the scoring rubrics (address each scoring criteria in the
subapplication)
• FEMA funded States whose projects addressed highest regional based hazards
• Prioritization of projects that benefited disadvantaged communities
• Include nature-based solutions, future conditions, climate adaptation, and ancillary benefits
• Strong code adoption and BCEGS rating of 5 or less, remains a priority for success
• Phased projects remain competitive; phase projects that are in a preliminary design stage
• Projects should seek public private partnerships
Flood Mitigation Assistance
DHSEM
partnered
with FEMA
BRIC and
FMA phased
projects
$400 million
total
75% / 25%
split
Annual- need
clarification
Subapplicant must participate in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and not be withdrawn, on probation, or suspended
1.Project activities must benefit NFIP structures
2. Program prioritizes benefits to Severe Repetitive Loss (SRL) and Repetitive Loss (RL) properties
3. No construction or groundbreaking activities before grant award
4. NOI approved by DHSEM
5. Scope of Work with a clear level of protection increase/reduction in hazard risk
6.Benefit-Cost Analysis with a Benefit-Cost Ratio ≥ 1.0 (construction projects)
STORMWATER UTILITY GRANT RESEARCH (updated 03/13/2023)
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This document will be revised and updated as we all learn more about this project and are
asked more questions. Please check back with the Public Works Department or online at
estes.org/stormwater. Thank you for your interest in this project.
The following FAQs are grouped into the following areas:
A. Problems
B. Solutions
C. Utility/ fees
D. Other
Introduction
Stormwater is any precipitation that falls from the sky in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow.
Stormwater runoff is water that ‘runs off’ instead of seeping into the ground. The runoff
flows to the nearest river, creek, lake, etc.
The Estes stormwater management system contains all the areas water flows, including
property, roadside ditches, and creeks that carries stormwater away from houses and
businesses and eventually downstream to Lake Estes or the Big Thompson River below the
lake.
In 2016, the Board of Trustees asked Town employees to explore the need for a Stormwater
Master Plan. The Town received a grant and contracted with a consulting firm to draft this
plan and conduct a feasibility study to determine funding options. Documents for this project
are located on the Town website at estes.org/stormwater. A copy of the plan is also available
in the Estes Valley Library.
A. Problems
1. What is the risk of not doing anything and taking our chances with the “occasional
flood”?
Major floods are economically and emotionally destructive. The recovery and repair of
damaged private property and public infrastructure is often long and costly. The recovery
efforts redirect Town staff and financial resources away from delivery of the daily services
our community depends upon. Doing nothing perpetuates the risk of reliving these
destructive flood consequences. Mitigation and resiliency projects often have a cost benefit.
Research shows that every dollar spent on these projects saves between $4.00 and $8.00 on
future flood response and recovery. The Town feels it is irresponsible to not take proactive
steps to reduce these repetitive risks to our community. Just as many of us mitigate to prevent
or minimize losses due to forest fires, we feel it is just as important to mitigate for floods.
It is important to note that a Stormwater Management Program includes roads, bridges, trails,
sidewalks and utilities – infrastructure that we use every day.
Estes Valley Stormwater Management Project
Frequently Asked Questions
April 2019
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2. What is the prediction of the 2013 flood happening again?
Hydrologic modeling tells us the flood flows experienced in Estes Park in 2013 have
approximately a 1% chance of recurring every year. This is a statistical prediction and could
occur more or less frequently than this.
Let’s compare the one in 100 chance (1% chance event) of the Town experiencing the 2013
Flood in any given year to winning the Colorado Lotto. The odds of matching 4 or more of
the 6 numbers are no better than approximately one in 500. This could be described as a
0.2% chance event. So, there is a 5 times better chance at seeing a 2013 Flood in any given
year than matching 4 or more of the 6 numbers in any given Colorado Lotto drawing.
3. What are the factors that contribute to flooding?
Rainfall is the most significant factor. Other factors include snow melt, steep slopes,
impermeable rock, and impervious surfaces such as roof-tops, paved driveways, and parking
lots. Conversion of vacant land to a developed condition adds impermeable area and typically
increases stormwater runoff onto downstream properties. Constrictions in the waterway such
as narrow stream banks, undersized roads and pedestrian bridges, and culverts that can be
blocked by debris also contribute to flooding.
4. How much flood water can the Estes Valley’s bridges and culverts handle?
A summary of the Estes Valley’s bridge and culvert capacities is provided in Table 4.11 of
the Stormwater Master Plan. Many of the downtown bridges on Fall River and Big
Thompson River can pass no more than about 1/3 of the predicted 1% annual chance flood
flows. The table below provides a capacity summary of the downtown bridges/culverts.
Bridge Location
Structure
Capacity
(cfs)*
Return
Period
(-years)
Percent
Annual
Chance of
Occurrence
Fall River
Pedestrian Bridge (Upstream of Confluence) 1,500 63 1.6
Pedestrian Bridge 450 5 20
Shopping Center 1,125 33 3.0
Existing Moraine Avenue (aka U.S. Highway 36) 1,100 30 3.3
Pedestrian Bridge 1,000 25 4
Weist Drive 1,160 36 2.8
Pedestrian Bridge 600 9 11
West Elkhorn Avenue at Water Wheel 600 9 11
Riverside Park Pedestrian Bridge 400 4 25
Spruce Drive 275 2 50
Pedestrian Bridge 650 10 10
Filby Court 500 6 17
West Elkhorn Avenue (Upstream of Filby Ct.) 1,225 40 2.5
Big Thompson River
Riverside Drive 850 < 2 > 50
Rockwell Street 600 < 2 > 50
Ivy Street 250 < 2 > 50
Crags Drive 750 2 50
*Cubic feet per second
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5. Does inclusion of my property in the floodplain affect its value?
There are many factors that go into the market value of property so this is not a simple
answer. Also, in talking with various real estate brokers, their experience and opinions vary
on this subject. Some think the floodplain maps have little negative impact on property
values right now and others think these maps will devalue properties that are in the
floodplain. In 2018 the demand continued to be high for all types of properties in the Estes
Valley regardless of its status in the floodplain. This will likely continue in 2019. Properties
on the Riverwalk in the downtown core have sold well since the 2013 Flood. This is also true
for residential property along Fish Creek and on Fish Hatchery roads. Owners will likely pay
more for flood insurance and lenders will require flood insurance, but that does not
necessarily lessen the value of property. Of course, buyers make the ultimate decision as to
the actual “value”. So far, there does not seem to be any reluctance to purchase property in
the floodplain.
The short answer is “yes ” according to another real estate broker. The exact amount will be
dependent on the individual property, and to what extent being in the floodplain affects it.
Being in the floodplain limits what a property owner can do with the property from a
construction and development point of view. This limitation will have a devaluing effect as
improvements may become costly or just not allowed. As an example, owners may not be
allowed to replace the improvements if there is a fire, or expanding the property may not be
allowed. If property owners are not looking to improve the property, then this may not be
immediately apparent. If there is a loan on the property, the lender will require Flood
Insurance. The cost of this insurance can be very expensive, and you may or may not be able
to pass it on to a tenant if it is leased out. Flood Insurance could easily cost several thousand
dollars per year. If you own the property free and clear, then you can “self-insure”, but that is
risky and ill-advised. The additional cost of Flood Insurance will affect what the bottom line
or Net Operating Income (NOI) for income received is and in broad terms, the lower the Net
Operating Income, the lower the property value.
People who have experienced a flood or move from flood-prone areas may be more hesitant
to purchase property that is in the floodplain. It is hard to predict market response to
property, business, and housing values.
6. I’m not in the floodplain. Why should I pay a fee?
Stormwater utility fees are typically assessed to all owners of developed property within the
impacted drainage basins. Estes Valley has five (5) basins causing almost everyone to be
associated with at least one of these basins. When properties on higher ground in the basin
are developed, the natural runoff is altered. By adding impervious (non-permeable) surfaces
such as driveways and buildings, the amount of runoff that leaves the property increases,
impacting properties downstream. The stormwater fees are generally based on the amount of
impervious area on the property.
B. Solutions
7. What is the purpose of having a stormwater master plan (SMP) and a stormwater
utility?
The short answer is to guide the design and installation of stormwater infrastructure to
minimize damage caused by stormwater runoff. The recently released draft floodplain maps
illustrate how the floodplain has changed and impacts properties as a result of updating the
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stormwater runoff forecasting (hydrology) and the associated flood flow modeling. The
Stormwater Master Plan evaluated the condition of the Town’s stormwater infrastructure and
the $79 million of improvements needed to safely convey a 1% annual chance of occurring
flood down the major riverways and through the minor drainages in the Estes Valley. The
proposed Stormwater Utility is the mechanism most public agencies use to fund the
improvement, maintenance, expansion, and operation of stormwater infrastructure. A
stormwater-focused entity does not currently exist in the Estes Valley.
8. What are the proposed projects, and when will they be built? Who decides the
priorities?
The program is intended to be nimble and change direction in response to unknown future
funding and political realities that will emerge over the program term. The Project Manager,
with approval of the Trustees and Commissioners, will recommend the annual construction
work schedule. Table 1 in the Stormwater Utility Feasibility Study shows the list of projects
and the timing of construction assumed by the consultant author. The table below shows the
project list and construction year assumptions used in the staff 20% Grants cost model. The
actual timing will likely be different. Construction scheduling currently prioritizes building
downstream projects first so the flood flows can be safely handled as successive upstream
projects are completed and send increase volume down the waterways. The availability of
funds will also impact timing. Revenue bonds could accelerate construction, and a pay-as-
you-go approach delays construction until project funds are saved up.
EXPENSES Present Value Inflation Year Future Value
Capital Projects
Priority 1 Projects
Big Thompson River Improvements
Upstream U.S. 36 to Downstream Riverside 11.90$ 3%2021 12.26$
Riverside Bridge Replacement 5.24$ 3%2022 5.56$
BTR Improvements: Rockwell Bridge Replacement 4.09$ 3%2022 4.34$
Fall River Improvements
Confluence to W end of Riverside Parking Lot 1.42$ 3%2023 1.55$
Mall to Downstream of Moraine 1.44$ 3%2024 1.62$
Upstream of Moraine to upstream of Weist 4.00$ 3%2025 4.64$
Upstream of Weist to upstream of Elkhorn 8.53$ 3%2030 11.46$
Upstream of Elkhorn to upstream of Spruce 3.30$ 3%2032 4.71$
Fall River Lane Bridge 1.63$ 3%2045 3.41$
Brook Drive storm sewer 0.12$ 3%2026 0.14$
Local drainage and property-specific improvements 2.50$ 3%2.85$
Subtotal:44.17$ 52.54$
Priority 2 Projects
Town Hall Improvements: MacGregor to Elkhorn 3.25$ 3%2040 5.87$
High School: outfall channel improvemnts 0.04$ 3%2041 0.07$
Matthew Circle Outfall 0.06$ 3%2042 0.11$
Old Ranger Road: channel and stormwater 1.03$ 3%2043 2.03$
Prospect Road Drainage Improvements 0.10$ 3%2044 0.20$
Crags Drive Bridge Replacement 4.50$ 3%2035 7.01$
Fall River Improvements
Upstream of Spruce to downstream of Murphy's 2.79$ 3%2036 4.48$
Downstream of Murphy's to downstream Filby 1.35$ 3%2038 2.30$
Downstream of Filby to upstream Elkhorn 5.14$ 3%2047 11.42$
Local drainage and property-specific improvements 5.00$ 3%7.57$
Subtotal:23.26$ 41.07$
Priortity 3 Projects
Fish Hatchery Road Bridge (downstream bridge)1.63$ 3%2040 $2.94
Local drainage and property-specific improvements 10.00$ 3%20.66$
Subtotal:11.63$ 23.60$
Capital Projects Total:79.06$ 117.21$
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9. Does this project include properties outside of Town and within unincorporated
Larimer County?
Yes. Around 8,583 parcels within the Estes Valley Development Code (EVDC) Boundary
are included. Collection of a User Fee from properties outside of the Town limits could be
authorized by the Larimer County Commissioners through an Intergovernmental Agreement
(IGA) with the Town of Estes Park. A map of the EVDC is located on the Town website at
www.estes.org/maps - scroll down to appropriate map.
10. What are other communities doing?
According to a Western Kentucky University Stormwater Utility Survey in 2016, there were
7 states with 100 or more stormwater utilities (SWUs). Thirty-nine states have one or more
Stormwater Utilities. They identified 1,600 Stormwater Utilities with 22,192 communities
participating in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Their data was mostly based
on web searches and knowing that some may not be evident on the internet, their estimate
was that there were between 2,000 and 2,500 Stormwater Utilities in 2016. It was predicted
that this number would continue to grow.
In Larimer County Stormwater Utilities or districts are operating in Loveland, Wellington,
Windsor and Fort Collins. Properties in unincorporated Larimer County are included in the
West Vine Basin Utility and the Boxelder Basin Regional Stormwater Authority.
11. Why not just deepen the channels to contain the predicted increased flood flows?
Deepening some river channels may be possible. Because the Stormwater Master Plan is
conceptual only, this could be considered at the time specific projects are designed. Bedrock,
buried utilities, and nearby buildings are cost and time challenges that impact the feasibility
of excavating deeper channels.
12. Why not manage the flow upstream from Town?
Our consultant, Anderson Consulting Engineers, explored the potential of creating an
upstream lake or detention area to hold future stormwater runoff. The vacant land areas of
sufficient size are situated on Federal land within Rocky Mountain National Park.
Converting natural open park lands into submerged detention areas utilizing sizable dams is
not consistent with the purpose and mission of the National Park Service.
13. How long will this construction project take (road closure, disruption to
businesses)?
The Stormwater Master Plan is conceptual only for cost-estimating purposes and will change
during the specific project’s design process. Information on project construction would be
identified during the design phase for each project. Detailed project information is not
available at this project concept level. Town infrastructure project scheduling would consider
the sensitivity and need to minimize adverse construction impacts during our peak visitation
periods of June through October.
14. When will this project be done?
To keep the monthly user fees to a reasonable minimum, the duration of the program is
modeled to occur over a 30-year time frame. If fees increase or other funds are obtained, the
completion time frame can be shortened. The Stormwater Master Plan includes estimated
years for project implementation; however, this schedule was for establishing a basis for
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project costs over the years of implementation. Actual implementation dates would be part of
the projects implementation plan developed by working closely with the community.
15. What if a property owner has already done some mitigation work – do they get
“credit” for this?
The proposed user fees are based on the impervious areas (impervious surface refers to the
area covered by hard surfaces where rainfall does not soak into the ground, i.e. rooftops,
paved driveways, patios, parking lots, etc.). The Town contracted with a consulting
professional to measure impervious areas using aerial imagery on improved properties within
the Estes Valley Development Code boundary. Property owners could provide information to
the Town documenting their efforts to measurably and significantly mitigate the release of
stormwater from a parcel. It is expected that a fee adjustment provision should be included in
any future stormwater utility ordinance. Such a credit provision or formula has not yet been
developed for Estes. The Town understands the importance of the having accurate
information.
Properties with local detention ponds typically focus on immediate local needs and may
mitigate for peak rate discharges of water. They typically do not alter the overall volume of
stormwater, nor do they impact the need for regional system improvements. The regional
improvements funded with the fees will be designed to accommodate both the peak rate of
discharge and the overall volume of water on a regional level.
The same applies to runoff factor. Properties in the Estes Valley have stormwater runoff that
contributes to existing storm flows during a rain event. It is most equitable to have all
developed properties pay a fee to construct, operate and maintain a stormwater system that
manages those flows for community benefits.
The adopted program is intended to allow administrative adjustments to the fees.
16. Isn’t this what “Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District” does?
No. According to the Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District, they distribute water
to portions of eight counties in Northeastern Colorado via the Colorado-Big Thompson (C-
BT) Project’s West Slope collection system and East Slope distribution system. Their
customers buy water for agricultural and municipal uses. Their facilities are not designed
specifically for flood control purposes.
17. Is the Moraine Bridge project part of this project?
Not directly. This project was funded by a grant for resiliency following the 2013 Flood. This
redesign and new box culvert will help with the Fall River flow after downstream capacity
improvements are constructed.
18. What responsibility does CDOT have with stormwater systems?
Very little. By state statute, the Colorado Department of Transportation is responsible to
maintain the roadway travel surface in between the concrete gutters.
19. What are possible grants for this project?
Grant research would be conducted for specific projects. Possible sources for grants include:
Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB)
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
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Natural Resource Conservation Services (NRCS)
Department of Commerce, Economic Development Administration (EDA), Public Works
Grants
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) and Flood
Mitigation Assistance (FMA)
20. What assurance is there that the completed stormwater projects will result in
reducing the floodplain area?
The Town will follow the process to change the floodplain maps when projects are
completed. FEMA has a defined process and as an applicant the Town will submit required
documentation in a timely manner. The Town is reasonably assured that FEMA will review
and approve applications for floodplain map changes. The Town is also considering internal
resources and training for employees to help expedite this effort.
21. Could a less ambitious or alternative plan provide equal or better emergency safety
and security during a flood? Estes Park already built the new Moraine Bridge to a
lesser standard.
The standard in the stormwater industry is to protect against the 1% annual chance of
flooding. Yes, the Town could explore a less ambitious or alternative plan, and would likely
do so in the context of performing the detailed designs for the specific projects where costs
and benefits can be more thoroughly evaluated. This could occur if a stormwater utility is
approved and funded. There are no funds available currently to redo the master planning
analysis which was paid for by a $300,000 resiliency grant following the 2013 flood event. It
is important to understand that a lesser level of infrastructure improvement is not likely to
provide an equal or better level of safety and security during a flood. The community could
let the Town know they prefer this, understanding the compromise in protection.
The Moraine Avenue Bridge project was designed so the buildings and businesses in the
immediate area would remain in place. Similar considerations will be made when finalizing
the scope of future stormwater infrastructure projects.
22. Will the 30 years of construction be similar to last spring during building of
Moraine Bridge?
Most of the work done each year will be shorter duration neighborhood projects. Most of the
large projects are in the river channels or minor side-streets and will not require extended
closures of the main roads in downtown Estes Park. Bridge projects (Riverside and Elkhorn)
will require extended road closures mostly during the off-season.
23. How does the USACE Silver Jackets Program fit with the Stormwater Management
Program?
The Silver Jackets report is another tool in the stormwater management toolbox. The work is
primarily on privately-owned buildings. The Town can assist in bringing the mitigation
opportunities to the property owners in the form of funneling grant funds. The Silver Jackets
program offers spot mitigation. Contrast this to the stormwater master plan projects that we
staff up for, and systematically manage on public property in accordance with a planned
schedule to protect both private property and public infrastructure. The two programs work
together, and don't compete with each other.
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24. Has there been any conversation with the National Park regarding their
responsibility in helping with flood water storage areas/ponds within the NP as
proposed in the report?
No. The consultant evaluated and rejected this concept. Details on pages 5.1 thru 5.3 in the
plan. We do not believe the National Park has any responsibility to create new, unnatural
storage facilities for stormwater. Construction of the impoundment facilities evaluated in the
Stormwater Master Plan would be highly damaging to the park land and inconsistent with
their mission: The National Park Service’s mission is to conserve the scenery, natural and
historic objects and wild life and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner
and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for future generations.
In spite of this, the Federal government can play a role in helping the Town deal with the
water runoff from Federal land by providing grant funding for some of the master planned
projects. These grants typically require partnering from the recipient agency in the form of
local match dollars that vary from 20% to 50% of the project cost. However, federal grants
cannot be matched with federal funds. Without a new source of local match funding, the
Town is not in a position to even apply for such grants. The provision of local matching
funds is one of the reasons a stormwater management fee is proposed for property owners in
the Estes Valley. We cannot realistically expect others to pay 100% of the expenses to
protect property and infrastructure built in the floodplain over past decades.
C. Utility / Fee
25. Why create a new utility through the Town? Why not use a separate entity such as a
taxing district or authority?
Several funding alternatives were considered to make the necessary improvements and
maintain the stormwater system in the Estes Valley. The five (5) basins the run through the
valley cross jurisdictions so a separate stormwater fee is considered the fairest method to
fund the construction and maintenance of the shared improvements.
The current stormwater management plan includes properties within the Estes Valley
Development Code (EVDC) Boundary which includes both the Town limits and a portion of
unincorporated Larimer County. Currently there is no champion party willing to create the
administrative structure and manage a new taxing district. Additionally, Larimer County
staff and Commissioners have made it clear they do not support establishing or participating
in a district or authority. The proposed Stormwater Utility would be similar to the Town’s
Water, and Light & Power Divisions (enterprise services).
26. How much would I have to pay? How are fees calculated?
There are an infinite number of ways to estimate paying for the proposed $79M in
stormwater infrastructure project. The property owner fee can be larger or smaller depending
on other revenue sources. The consultant, Town PW staff, and County PW staff modeling a
dozen different strategies for sharing costs between property owners, visitors, and grant
providers. Fee estimates have been distributed to all 8583 property owners based on one cost
model. Of these parcels, fees are only proposed on the 7677 properties with man-made
impervious improvements. The proposed fees assume about 30% of program costs come
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from user fees, 50% comes from a future sales tax, and 20% comes from future grants. This
number will change, and will be impacted and adjusted annually for inflation, grants, and
sales tax collected.
Residents of most other Larimer County and Front Range communities already pay monthly
stormwater fees, ranging from about $5 per month to about $15 per month. The basis for
stormwater fees and charges is the amount of developed impervious area within a parcel of
land. The estimated fees shared with property owner represent one snapshot in time under
one assumed cost-sharing scenario. They will change.
In application, total annual stormwater costs are divided over the region’s total square
footage of impervious area to calculate a cost per square foot of impervious area per year.
The property owner, whether residential or commercial, pays a stormwater fee based on their
impervious square footage. The monthly user fee proposed for Estes Park consists of three
parts: an administrative service fee, operation and maintenance fee, and the facility
expansion fee.
27. What is an “IGA”?
Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) is a contract between government organizations. In this
case it would be between the Town of Estes Park and Larimer County.
28. What does impervious mean?
Impervious surface refers to the area covered by man-made hard surfaces in which rain, for
instance, does not soak into the ground. This is represented by the roof-tops of buildings,
paved driveways, patios, and parking lots on parcels.
29. Why are you using impervious area to determine the charges?
Developed property generates more stormwater runoff with a greater peak flow than land in
its natural, undeveloped state. The amount of stormwater fee charged to a property generally
correlates to the impervious surface area on a property, thereby ensuring that the fees are
charged equitably.
30. Why not pay for all the needed stormwater improvements with new sales tax
revenue?
This option is on the table for consideration and can be evaluated if this is the majority
desire. A sales tax is one of several possible stormwater revenue-generating options. The
Town is seeking input from property owners and residents on how to fund the identified
conceptual stormwater projects.
31. Most of the flood water comes from Federal land. Why can’t federal and state
grants pay for this program?
The cost modeling assumes the award of future grants. It is important to understand that
nearly all grant programs for stormwater projects require the local agency recipient to pay a
percentage of the project costs. This “local match” typically ranges from 20% to 50%. The
Town is proposing new property owner user fees and sales taxes to cover the local match,
pay the administrative expenses for forming, operating, and maintaining a new stormwater
utility, and contribute to the project construction cost.
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32. Is the Town considering revenue bonds?
The Town is seeking input from property owners and residents on how to support the
identified and conceptual stormwater projects. This option is open for consideration and will
be evaluated. Please share your opinion on this subject in your questionnaire response.
33. What does the proposed maintenance component of the fee pay for?
All infrastructure in the Estes Valley’s storm drainage portfolio will require regular
maintenance to ensure optimal performance of the facilities over time. Maintenance is being
planned for completed projects. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs for existing and
new future infrastructure were estimated by the consultant team as part of the stormwater
master planning process.
In general, O&M requirements should, at a minimum, consist of:
• Inspecting and cleaning storm drains, inlets, outlets, and driveway culverts.
• Inspecting, cleaning, and mowing regional public detention and water quality facilities
and their associated appurtenant structures.
• Enforcing the inspecting, cleaning, and mowing of local/neighborhood detention/water
quality facilities and stormwater channels/structures.
• Inspecting, cleaning, and generally maintaining master planned regional stormwater
channels and associated appurtenant structures including culverts and bridges.
Operation and maintenance requirements will be refined and customized to site specific
issues if funding for a new Stormwater Utility is approved.
34. Seems that the Town should have the budget for this, so why another “tax” (fee)?
In 2018 the Town budgeted $11,000 for stormwater maintenance work. Based on the
Stormwater Master Plan, which is a concept plan, the estimated costs for needed
improvements is $79 million in 2017 dollars. The plan calls for funding this project over 30
years. Currently the Town does not have this in the budget.
The Town would have to significantly cut existing services to fund the Stormwater
Management Project with existing budgeted revenues.
35. This is a tax. Why are we calling it a fee?
This is a fee. It is common practice for public agencies to impose a charge for providing
stormwater management services. The key distinction between a fee and a tax is the nexus
(i.e. proportional connection) between the fee charged and the service provided by the
agency. Generally, when people alter the condition of the ground surface by adding
impervious area (roofs, patios, pavement, etc.), they increase the amount and/or rate of
stormwater leaving their property and flowing into a stormwater system. This increases the
effort required to manage the water (i.e. more design, construction, cleaning repairing and
expansion of ditches, pipes, inlets etc.). Parcels with large impervious areas contribute more
stormwater into the drainage system and should pay a greater share of the program cost.
Others have made the claim that this is a tax, and the courts have ruled otherwise. The
leading Colorado case is Zelinger v. City and County of Denver. In this 1986 case, the
Supreme Court held that the district court was correct in ruling that Denver’s storm drainage
service charge was not a tax. The charge was based on impervious coverage and used for the
operation, maintenance, improvement and replacement of Denver’s storm water drainage
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facilities. A similar service charge is proposed to help fund a fraction of the cost for a new
stormwater utility for the Estes Valley.
36. What about lodging tax? Can any of this be used for stormwater? How much is
lodging tax?
The lodging tax, through a vote by residents, supports only the Local Marketing District.
37. How will home owners benefit from this project because it seems that downtown
businesses will benefit the most? Is it fair that the downtown businesses pay the least
amount (Table 4 Utilities Feasibility Study)?
In the 2013 Flood we observed how all members of our community are impacted directly or
indirectly by a flood. When the community spends money to improve the roads, bridges,
channels, and drainage infrastructure to remain functional during and after the predicted
future flood flows, all members of the community benefit by being able to access essential
medical, emergency, utility, food and transportation services. The recovery period is shorter,
and the economic loss reduced. If the cost of the new infrastructure and annual maintenance
are assigned to a smaller subset of our community, the individual property owner
contributions must increase, potentially jeopardizing the economic viability of the entire
program. The proposed Stormwater Utility offers an opportunity for all residents and all
visitors to contribute, thus keeping the individual fee as low as possible while still funding
the needed improvements.
Downtown Estes Park has a high density of buildings mostly on smaller property lots, each
with a high impervious area. Based on parcel impervious area, the proposed user fees
formulas allocate about 42% of user fees to non-residential properties and about 58% to
residential properties.
The downtown area is considered a destination for many of the guests who visit this area and
as such is an important part of the economy and of course generates sales tax which in turn
would help to support this project.
A related questions is about “risk proximity”. It has been suggested that those who own
property closer to drainages should pay more. We have not found this modeled in other
Stormwater Management Programs in other communities so uncertain at this time how to do
this; however, if the program is approved, this could be further studied.
38. How will you charge a fee for multiple condos located on one parcel within an HOA
or condo association?
It is expected that each condo owner would receive a Stormwater Utility invoice for their
property and the Home Owners Association would also receive an invoice for the common
impervious areas which typically including parking, private roads and sidewalks.
39. What is the relationship between the properties near a river and fees?
None at this time. The calculation for the fees is simply based on impervious area. We are
not excluding properties that are away from the rivers because we believe this is a
community problem with community benefits. However, the Town is open to suggestions to
other ideas for user fee allocation.
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40. What will happen to the utility fee when projects are completed?
The expanded stormwater infrastructure will require maintenance funding in perpetuity to
perform its intended function. The Trustees and Commissioners will solicit public input,
discuss the community stormwater needs, and adjust the fees as deemed appropriate.
41. How would a home roof top be viewed if the water coming off the roof flows into
gutters that then drains the water onto the soil on the homeowners’ lot? This water
would soak into the ground and therefore not impact the "stormwater runoff". Will
this be part of the consideration when calculating the monthly stormwater fee for
homeowners? If not, can you please explain why?
The impervious areas are human-made elements (typically rooftop and paving) that stop the
water from falling directly on, and soaking into, an earthen "sponge" that would otherwise be
available to accept the water. Impervious surfaces reduce the amount of water the parcel can
soak up, resulting in a proportionate increase in the amount of water that theoretically would
leave the parcel when the soil sponge is full. Admittedly, it is a simplified model and does
not consider other real runoff influences such as the slope of the ground, soil type, vegetative
cover, etc. However, it is considered a fair, consistent and standard practice for prorating the
program costs among the 8583 parcels within the Estes Valley Development Code
boundary. This is industry standard. It is not intended to quantify the amount of runoff from
each parcel, rather to provide an equitable basis for calculating cost-sharing.
42. I thought this fee was based on impervious area. Why are there four tiers for
residential parcels?
In January 2018 Town and County Public Works (PW) staff jointly worked through the
parcel data and presented summaries of potential monthly user fees options separately to both
the Board of Trustees and Board of County Commissioners. Concerns were expressed
regarding potential modeled fees in excess of $35/month for a fraction of the larger
residential parcels. Other concerns were expressed about asking only the owners of 7676
improved lots to bear the burden of sharing the local cost contribution to the program instead
of all owners of the 8583 parcels within the Estes Valley Development Code boundary. It
was pointed out that the flood runoff watershed contains 210 sq miles, the proposed
stormwater program area (EVDC boundary) encompasses 36.8 sq miles which consists of
35.3 sq miles of vacant land and 1.5 sq miles of impervious area.
Following the January meetings Town and County PW staff created several new cost models
to temper the high outlier residential fees and more closely examine the annual cash flow
needs to construct the $79M master planned projects. Fee charges on vacant land are omitted
due to concern about elevated exposure to legal challenge of administrative imposition of a
tax rather than a fee.
Two cost models were discussed with the Commissioners and Trustees. Each included the
following assumptions.
• All fees are based on impervious area within 7676 improved parcels. No fees are
proposed for the vacant 907 parcels (or the vacant fraction of improved parcels) within
the Development Code boundary.
• Non-residential property fees are individually calculated. This includes parcels with
multi-family development.
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• Residential fees are based on the average impervious areas within four lot size tiers of
1656 parcels each. These quartile sizes are: under 0.04 ac, 0.05 to 0.44 ac, 0.45 to 1.01
ac, and over 1.02 ac.
• Fees are proposed to be adjusted annually based on the rise or fall of the Construction
Cost Index provided by CDOT for their transportation projects. Our inflation
assumptions project a potential 238% increase in the fees over the program duration.
• The program duration is assumed to be 30 years, and can be shortened depending on
revenue (user fees, grants, and sales tax).
• A sales tax of 0.4% is dedicated to this program from 2024 thru 2047 (27 years) to
generate $70M. An election is necessary to approve this.
• This is a no-debt, pay-as-you-go cost model. Low user fees and zero sales tax in the
early years delay the start and increase the cost of construction projects.
43. How were the four residential fee tiers established?
There are an infinite number of strategies to funding a stormwater management program.
The proposed residential fee component was estimated/modeled following this thought
process:
1. The target total user fee for all parcels was established in the context of assumed
revenue from other sources.
2. The impervious area for all lots was totaled.
3. The corresponding fee suballocations to program administration, operations and
maintenance, and facilities expansion are determined. The corresponding target user
fee per square foot of impervious area was calculated.
4. The total measured impervious area (and associated fees) were categorized into two
groups (residential and non-residential) based on County assessor records.
5. Undeveloped/vacant lots are not included.
6. The 6622 improved residential parcels were divided into quarters (1655 parcels per
quartile/tier) based on parcel size. The four tiers or fee groups are under 0.04 acres,
0.05 to 0.44 acres, 0.45 to 1.01 acres, 1.02 to 204 acres. The proposed fee for each tier
increases for the increased parcel size tiers.
7. The measured impervious area of all the lots in each quartile/tier is added up and
averaged for each tier. The proposed fee for each quartile/tier is based on the average
impervious area in each quartile/tier multiplied by the per square foot of impervious
area cost determined in step 3. The total residential parcel fee contribution is checked
to match the split in step 4.
8. Non-residential parcel fees are individually calculated and no tiering is
proposed. This group includes multi-family, income-producing properties.
D. Other
44. Is this part of the Loop Project?
No. This is a separate project that the Town Board of Trustees asked Town staff to consider
following the 2013 Flood. The Downtown Estes Loop project will deliver stormwater
infrastructure projects valued at about $5 million that would otherwise have to be added to
the costs of the proposed Stormwater Utility.
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45. Why not take this to the public for a vote?
The Stormwater Master Plan proposes to include parcels located within the Estes Valley
Development Code (EVDC) Boundary which includes Town limits and unincorporated
Larimer County. A public vote would include residents within the Town limits only or all
Larimer County registered voters. It would not be considered fair or representative if these
groups of voters made the funding decision for the Estes Valley property owners.
It would also not be representative for only Town residents to vote on something that would
also impact some residents in unincorporated Larimer County.
46. Given that Estes Valley residents can vote in elections for the Recreation, School
and Hospital Districts, why is it not possible for citizens to vote for this stormwater
project, especially given the magnitude of this project?
We agree that Estes Valley residents who reside within the boundaries of an established
District such as Recreation, Fire, Hospital, and sewer, etc. can vote on matters pertaining to
those specific Districts. None of the existing Districts or other governmental agencies have
expressed an interest to assume management of stormwater matters which could create an
opportunity to vote. Without a specific district for stormwater it is not possible to have a
vote for the Estes Valley Development Code boundary. A stormwater management district
would need to be established for voting privileges. Also, the County is not supporting the
formation of new stormwater district. Thus we are proposing a Town-managed stormwater
utility.
The Town and County staff and policy-makers will consider this project when we are
confident that we possess a reasonable understanding from our constituents’ views of this
project. We feel one of the best tools to obtain this information is the current questionnaire
(closing date March 29, 2019). We want to have a substantial number of responses before
we consider the results sufficient to meaningfully guide the policy decision-making.
47. How would a Stormwater Utility impact the floodplain areas shown on the new
draft floodplain maps?
The Town, Larimer County, and the Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB)
introduced the draft floodplain maps created by the Colorado Hazard Mapping Program
(CHAMP) for the Big Thompson River, Fall River, Fish Creek, Black Canyon Creek and
Dry Gulch at a public meeting on May 30, 2018. The proposed stormwater infrastructure
projects, particularly on Fall River and Big Thompson River, could significantly reduce the
size of the future flood risk areas.
48. What zoning area is my property?
A zoning map can be found on the Town’s website, www.estes.org/maps
49. Is my property in the proposed area for the Stormwater Management Project?
The Estes Valley Development Code (EVDC) Boundary map can be found at
www.estes.org/maps and scroll to, and subsequently click, “Estes Valley Development Code
Boundary”. Another map located on the same webpage is the Zoning Map that might provide
more details.
15
50. Will the proposed stormwater projects (channel work and bridges) destroy the
stream ecosystems? How will the Town protect the fish habitat?
When observing the destruction from the 2013 flood in Fish Creek and the Big Thompson
River, one can see the ecosystem devastation that these major flood events can cause. The
completed repairs provide an instructive case study on how the involved public agencies can
restore the waterways and bridge infrastructure to improve ecosystem resilience and vitality.
At this time, there are no detailed plans for the specific projects proposed in this program.
However, the Town is committed to protecting and restoring the river habitats, and will
include this in the project design and construction efforts.
51. Who do I contact regarding floodplain maps?
Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) contracted with AECOM to draft the
floodplain map. Here are contacts regarding this project.
Thuy Patton, CFM
Floodplain Mapping Coordinator
1313 Sherman St., Rm. 718 Denver, CO 80203
P: (303) 866-3441 x3230
thuy.patton@state.co.us
Remmet deGroot, CFM, GISP
AECOM Project Manager
6200 S Quebec Street Greenwood Village, CO 80111
P: (303) 796-4633
remmet.degroot@aecom.com
Stephanie DiBetitto, CFM
CWCB Community Assistance Program Coordinator
1313 Sherman Street, Suite 721 Denver, CO 80203
P: (303) 866-3441 x3221
stephanie.dibetitto@state.co.us
Town contact
Christy Crosser, Grant Specialist, 577-3574 (ccrosser@estes.org)
David Hook, Engineering Manager, 577-3586 (dhook@estes.org)
Greg Muhonen, Public Works Director 577-3581 (gmuhonen@estes.org)
Town of Estes Park
170 MacGregor Avenue
PO Box 1200
Estes Park CO 80517
TOWN BOARD & LARIMER COUNTY
COMMISSIONERS
JOINT STUDY SESSION
March 22, 2023
Link to the Joint Study Session held on August
19, 2022 Packet.
PUBLIC COMMENT RECEIVED ON 3/15/2023
Board of Trustees Public Comment
Name: Joe Holtzman
Stance on Item: Against
Agenda Item Title: Stormwater Authority Discussion - Joint Study Session.
Public Comment:
I have talked to the Mayor about this issue on numerous occasions. We have made a disaster with the two
bridges that we are. What are you working or have you worked in the disaster came from not properly
designing the environment for the fish to survive. I refer you to the classic study Cadillac desert – – which
depicts the failure of the water projects around the state of Colorado, and in the adjacent states– – western
states. Period. I hope you’ll consider the fact that these projects have been abject failures and plus this
project should be placed on the ballot for the people to vote on – – fees are just as excuse for avoiding
taxes. In addition, the silver jacket report from 2 1/2 years ago, defined how you could properly take care of
the flooding problem – – and not placed the burden on the taxpayer. Joe Holtzman 949-859-1223 – Estes
Park, CO 80517.
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